Fig. 1: Lineage^–CD90.2⁺NK1.1⁻NKp46^–Rorγt^–GATA3⁺ST2^–KLRG1⁺IL-17RB⁺ ILC2s with IL-13-producing capability accumulated in siLP in asthma remission.

A Flow diagram of the i.p. HDM sensitization model. Challenge phase: D24, Remission phase: D30. B Airway resistance of mice was determined on day 1 (D1), D8, D15, D24 and D30 under methacholine (0, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/mL in PBS) stimulation. C Serum IgE (n = 8), D lung IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 (n = 8), E eosinophils in peripheral blood (n = 6), and F cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (n = 10) were determined at indicated time points. G Gating strategy. In live CD45⁺ lymphocytes, Th2s are defined as CD4⁺GATA3⁺, and total ILC2s are defined as lineage^–CD90.2⁺NK1.1^–NKp46^–Rorγt^–GATA3⁺. H Kinetics of the frequency and number of ST2^–KLRG1⁺IL-17RB⁺ ILC2 subset in the lamina propria of small intestines (siLP) (n = 10). I, J IL-13⁺ percentage and MFI I and IL-5⁺ percentage and MFI J of ST2^–KLRG1⁺IL-17RB⁺ ILC2s in siLP after stimulation with PMA, ionomycin, brefeldin A and monensin. K, L Pie charts of IL-13⁺ K and IL-5⁺ L cell populations in siLP in remission under stimulation (n = 10). Mice in control group (Ctrl) were treated with corresponding volume of sterile normal saline. Data points are individual mice pooled from three independent experiments for all panels. Data are shown as the mean ± SD. Statistical comparisons were performed using unpaired one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s test except in B and F using unpaired two-way ANOVA. p values are shown on the graphs. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.