Fig. 1: CHIP in ARIC Study visits.

Distributions of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) at baseline (a–d) and follow-up (e–h) visits. CHIP prevalence increases with age, reaching approximately 30% when individuals reach 80 years (a, e). Error bands in (a, e) show a 95% confidence interval around the fitted logistic regression line. Most individuals with CHIP typically carry a single clone (b, f). In the earlier decades of life (under 70 years), many individuals carry mutations in DNMT3A or other less commonly mutated CHIP genes (c, g). However, individuals aged 70 and older show a higher incidence of CHIP involving genes such as TET2, ASXL1, and splicing factors (c, g), and the size of these clones tends to be relatively larger in later years (d, h). Box plots display median (center line), 25th and 75th percentiles (box edges), and whiskers extend to ±1.5 * interquartile range. VAF variant allele fraction.