Fig. 5: Murine recolonization with feces from healthy volunteers (HV) on DAV132 protects αPD-1 response during CZA and PTZ treatment.

A Experimental design of avatar mice experiments. B Representative MCA-205 tumor growth curve in germ-free mice after FMT from HV, in the CZA group (HV1) at baseline D1 (upper panel) or D6 (lower panel), or from HV in the CZA + DAV132 group (HV4) at baseline D1 (upper panel) or D6 (lower panel), treated with Iso-PD-1 control or αPD-1 n = 5 mice/group. C Mean tumor size at sacrifice in MCA-205–inoculated germ-free mice at sacrifice following FMT from three HV on CZA (D6) and three HV on CZA + DAV132 (D6). D Pooled MCA-205 tumour growth curves in ATB-treated mice post-FMT samples obtained at D6 in 2 HV who received CZA (n = 10 mice/group) or CZA + DAV132 in duplicate HV treated with Iso-PD-1 control or αPD-1 (n = 20 mice/group). E Mean tumor size in MCA-205–inoculated in ATB-treated mice at sacrifice following FMT from duplicated two HV on CZA (D6) and duplicated two HV on CZA + DAV132 (D6). F Mean tumor size in B16-OVA–inoculated in ATB-treated mice at sacrifice following FMT from two HV on CZA (D6) and two HV on CZA + DAV132 (D6). G Pooled MCA-205 tumour growth curves in ATB-treated mice post-FMT samples obtained at D6 in 3 HV who received PTZ or 3 HV PTZ + DAV132 treated with Iso-PD-1 control or αPD-1 n = 15 mice/group. (Data are presented as mean ± SEM, the Mann–Whitney U test was used to determine significant differences among the different groups at the time of sacrifice. For C–F, G, each dot represents one mouse and each shape represents one HV. (ns non-significant; ****p < 0.0001). ATB antibiotic, CZA ceftazidime-avibactam, D day, FMT fecal microbiota transplantation, HV healthy volunteer, ns not significant, PTZ piperacillin-tazobactam, DAV132 DAV132 12 g po tid. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.