Fig. 9: In vivo healing of infected skin wounds.

a Schematic illustration of the experimental animal models of wound MRSA infection to evaluate SMIT and oxygen-mediated tissue repair. b Representative images of wound size changes during 14 days post-wounding. Immunohistochemical analysis. Immunohistochemical staining (c) with quantitative analysis (d) for STING, IL17, and IL23r on day 3. Scale bars, 250 μm. n = 3 independent animals; means ± SDs. n.s., not significant; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001 using two-tailed Student’s t tests. e–h Histomorphological analysis via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Giemsa, and Masson’s trichrome staining of the peripheral tissues after various treatments with quantitative analysis (f–h). Scale bars, 50 μm. n = 3 independent animals; means ± SDs. n.s., not significant; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001 using two-tailed Student’s t tests. i Immunohistochemical staining of CD31. Scale bars, 50 μm. j M2-phenotype macrophages (CD80-CD206 + ) by gating on CD11b + F4/80+ cells. k Immunofluorescence staining of cytokeratin 14 (K14, green) and cytokeratin 19 (K19, red) for the wounds on days 3, 10, and 14. Scale bars, 50 μm. l A scheme illustrating Th17 cell differentiation. m Immunofluorescence staining of IL10 (green) and IL6 (red) for the wounds on days 3 and 10. Scale bars, 50 μm. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.