Fig. 7: The RILO@MG regulates TAM phenotype and enhances T-cell viability to remodel the suppressive TME in an H22 tumour-bearing mouse model.

a Schematic diagram of the regulatory effect of RILO@MG on the immunosuppressive TME, indicating an increase about immune-active cells and a decrease in the proportion of immune-suppressing cells within the TME. b H22 tumour-bearing mice were treated as in Fig. 6a. The intratumoural levels of cytokines were quantified using ELISA analysis at the study endpoint. c–i H22 tumour-bearing mice were treated as in Fig. 6a. Flow cytometric analysis of M1-type macrophage and M2-type macrophage (c, d), CD69⁺ T cells (e), CD4⁺ T cells (f), CD8⁺ T cells (g), CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ T cells (h), and CD8⁺IFN-γ⁺ T cells (i) within the TME. j Flow cytometric analysis quantification of effector memory (CD44⁺CD62L^-) CD8⁺ T cells in spleens. k Experimental timeline of rechallenged tumour model establishment. l Secondary tumour photographs of the sacrificed mice at the study endpoint. m Rechallenged tumour growth curves of tumour-bearing mice were monitored over time. The dosage regimen of all data in Fig. 7 was the same as that shown in Fig. 6a. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD with five biologically independent animals per group and were processed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (c–j) or two-way ANOVA with repeated measures (m). **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. BMDMs were used in all experiments involving macrophages.