Fig. 4: Measurements of intra-organismal selection, organismal selection, and mutant frequency distributions across a panel of putatively selfish mitochondrial genome variants.

a mptDf2 frequencies in isolated parent-progeny lineages (n = 24) to measure intra-organismal selection, similar to Fig. 3d. b Relative proportions of mptDf2 heteroplasmic versus homoplasmic-wildtype hosts per generation in populations (n = 4) of animals competing on the same food plates, to measure inter-organismal selection; regression lines are fit to the data from each replicate population by least squares. c Histogram of mptDf2 frequencies in age-synchronized adults sampled from heteroplasmic stock populations (the same individuals used as parent data points in a). d–f Similar to a–c but for mpt4 (d, n = 24; e, n = 4). g–i Similar to a–c but for mpt2 (g, n = 23; h, n = 4). j–l Similar to a–c but for mptDf3 (j, n = 23; k, n = 4). Two-tailed Wilcoxon matched-pairs test (left column). All data shown here are provided in the Source Data file.