Table 1 ARMS deployment design for each ecoregion

Ecoregion	Time range (years)	# Months of deployment	# Sites/year	# ARMS per site	# ARMS	Depth (metres)	Dataset origin
North and East Barents Sea	2018–2020	12–13	2	1	2	14	ARMS-MBON
Northern Norway and Finnmark	2019–2020	18	1	2	2	2	ARMS-MBON
North Sea	2018–2020	12–14	4	2–3	10	4–25	ARMS-MBON
Baltic Sea	2013–2015	26	2	2–3	5	8	Pearman et al.²⁷
Celtic Seas	2019–2020	12	1	3	3	12	ARMS-MBON
South European Atlantic Shelf	2013–2014	12–13	3	2–3	8	11–12	Pearman et al.²⁷
Western Mediterranean	2013–2014	18	3	3	9	17	Pearman et al.²⁷
Adriatic Sea	2014–2015	13	2	3	6	9	Pearman et al.²⁷
Black Sea	2013–2014	13	3	2–3	8	7–8	Pearman et al.²⁷
Northern and Central Red Sea	2013–2020	14–24	10	1–6	34	10	Pearman et al.²⁷ ARMS-MBON Carvalho et al.²⁹
Southern Red Sea	2015–2017	24–33	5	3	15	8–10	Carvalho et al.²⁹
Hawaii	2016–2018	23	1	6	6	4	Nichols et al.⁵¹
East Antarctic Wilkes Land	2014–2017	12–24–36	4	1–2	6	20	This Paper
Ross Sea	2015–2018	12–24–36	3	2	6	25	This Paper

This table reports the most significant differences in the study design of each ecoregion, following Spalding et al.²⁴ ecoregions’ naming, with rows ordered by latitude of the centre of the ecoregion. The field ‘#sites/year’ shows the number of sites per year of deployment investigated in each region, and corresponds to the grouping factor adopted as a random effect in the HGAM model. Sites where multiple structures have been deployed in different years are grouped separately. Multiple values in the field ‘depth’ represent the range of depth at which the structures were deployed. The ‘dataset origin’ field refers to the publication the corresponding samples have been first presented. More information on the specifics of each study are reported in the published papers or the Supplementary Methods and Supplementary Data 5.

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