Fig. 4: Isotope-labelling operando SR-FTIR measurements.
From: Ligand engineering towards electrocatalytic urea synthesis on a molecular catalyst

a Infrared signal in the range of 1200–2400 cm−1 at various applied potentials for CuPc-Amino during co-electrolysis. OCV represents open circuit voltage. b Infrared signal at -1.6 V versus RHE for CuPc-Amino during the electrocoupling of 14NO3–/15NO3– and CO2 processes.