Fig. 1: Over-production of water-intensive rice and wheat despite increased groundwater stress.
From: The role of farm subsidies in changing India’s water footprint
a Groundwater stress and growth in rice area: Plots the output from a binned regression of defunct wells on annual average rate of growth of rice area. Each observation is a district. The average annual rate of growth in area under rice cultivation is divided into twenty equal bins. The scatter plots are the means of defunct wells and growth of rice area in each bin. The line is the OLS relationship between defunct wells and the growth of rice area. b Excess Production of Rice and Wheat: Domestic consumption is estimated as total production—net exports—government stock. Sources: Agriculture Statistics at a Glance 2020; Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics, Ministry of Commerce; and Department of Food and Public Distribution, Govt. of India.
