Fig. 3: Preparation and bacterial activity validation of microorganism micro-engine microneedles (MM-MNs).
From: Microorganism microneedle micro-engine depth drug delivery
aThe preparation process of MM-MNs. Created with BioRender.com/e35z291. b The effect of ultraviolet irradiation time on the activity of E.A.. Mean ± SD of n = 3 independent samples. c Digital microscopy characterization of microneedle morphology. Scale bar, 3 mm (Left); 2 mm (Middle); 500 μm (Right). d Mechanical force for the fracture of the microneedle tips. e Scanning electron microscopy characterization of microneedle morphology.Scale bar, 500 μm (Left); 300 μm (Right). f Fluorescence microscopy results of E.A. activity encapsulated in microneedles. Scale bar, 800 μm (Up); 200 μm (Down). g, h Confocal microscopy results of E.A. activity encapsulated in microneedles. Scale bar, 500 μm (g); Scale bar, 400 μm (h). A representative image of four biologically independent samples from each group is shown in c, e, f, g, and h.
