Table 1 Overview of invasive and non-invasive NAD metabolite detection methods
From: Development of a 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique to quantify NADH and NAD+ at 3 T
++ = Superior + = Yes or Possible − = No or Not possible | Detects NAD+ | Detects NADH | Sensitivity | Detects other NAD-related metabolites | In-situ measurements | Non-Invasive | Sample degradation during processing | Repetitive measurements | Measures absolute concentrations | Whole muscle NAD determination |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biochemical detection | ||||||||||
Fluorometric assays41 | − | + | + | − | − | − | + | + | + | - |
+ | + | + | − | − | − | + | + | + | - | |
High-performance liquid Chromatography43 | + | + | + | − | − | − | + | + | + | - |
Metabolomics11 | + | + | + | + | − | − | + | + | + | - |
Fluorescence imaging | ||||||||||
− | + | + | − | + | − | − | + | + | - | |
MRS | ||||||||||
− | + | − | − | + | + | − | ++ | + | + | |
+ | + | + | + | + | + | − | ++ | +a | + | |
