Fig. 4: Dynamic THBS1 expression during human skin wound healing.

The human in vivo wound healing model was analyzed by single-cell RNA-seq (A, H, I), bulk RNA-seq (B, qRT-PCR C), and spatial transcriptomics (ST) D-G. A UMAP plot of 16,098 cells from the day1 (D1) wounds of three healthy donors, color-coded by cell type (left). THBS1 expression is shown (right). THBS1 expression in human skin and wound tissues (n = 5 donors) B and in CD90⁺ dermal cells isolated by magnetic activation cell sorting from these tissues (n = 5 donors) C. In each box plot, the center line indicates the median, the edges of the box represent the first and third quartiles, and the whiskers extend to the minimum and maximum values. D Spatial transcriptomic deconvolution analysis of fibroblast sub-clusters. E Spatial feature plots showing THBS1 expression: epidermal-dermal junctions are indicated with dashed lines, and arrows point wound edges. (F) THBS1 expression in ST deconvolution fibroblast spots (skin, n = 28 spots; D1, n = 55 spots; D7, n = 44 spots; D30, n = 64 spots). (G) Correlation of THBS1 expression with fibroblast spots. H THBS-mediated cell-cell communication in human day-1 acute wounds. Edge width is proportional to the inferred interaction strength. The edge color is consistent with the signaling source. I Schematic illustration of THBS1 signals in human wounds. Data are presented as means ± SEM F. One-way ANOVA (B, C). Pearson’s correlation test G. Figure 4I was created with BioRender.com released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International license. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.