Fig. 3: Ultralow switching pressure and surface potential of polarization poled by electricity and loading force.
From: Ultralow-pressure-driven polarization switching in ferroelectric membranes
a Summary of threshold pressure and thickness for mechanically induced polarization switching in several ferroelectric membranes reported to date36,38,49,50,51,52,53,54. b Vertical PFM phase images of FS(27 nm)||Au/Si after electrical writing (left), mechanical erasing (middle) and electrical writing again (right). Scale bar, 2 μm. c SKPFM images of FS(27 nm)||Au/Si after electrical (top left) and mechanical (top right) switching. The inset shows corresponding PFM phase images. Section profiles of the SKPFM images along the gray line (voltage) and green line (force), respectively. Scale bar, 1 μm.
