Fig. 4: Shift towards aerobic metabolism in the rUTI gut.

a Log fold change (x-axis) and significance (y-axis) of the differential expression (DE) of 2,182 E. coli genes between stool from healthy and rUTI women. The 4 individual genes that were significantly DE after false discovery rate correction (Linear mixed regression with Wald Test, p < 0.05; Methods) are indicated with black outlines and labeled. dcuA, which was near the significance threshold, is also labeled. Genes are colored by inclusion in the global FNR+ and ArcA- regulons. b Distribution of fold-changes for genes in each of the 22 gene sets (KEGG pathways/modules or regulons) significantly enriched among under- or over-expressed genes (Supplementary Table 12). Gene sets are colored by enrichment among over- (red) or under-expressed genes (blue) and are grouped by metabolic function. c Network diagram showing the interconnectedness of the DE gene sets, colored according to up- or down-regulation as in b. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.