Fig. 1: Schematic illustration of the hypoxia-activatable nanoplatform for turn-on NIR-II fluorescence and PA imaging and potentiated immunotherapy of cancer.

Here a molecular probe was developed, which selectively responded to hypoxic TME and activated NIR-II FL and PA signals as well as PTT and PDT effects. By encapsulating the molecular probe and a vascular disrupting agent within an acid-degradable MOF carrier, a cancer-targeting theranostic nanoagent was formulated. The agent unleashed pronounced NIR-II FL and PA signals in hypoxic tumor to facilitate noninvasive and precise tumor imaging. Moreover, the hypoxia-triggered and TME remodeling-boosted PTT/PDT attributes synergistically activated the ICD and cGAS-STING pathways, eliciting potent immune responses and excellent antitumor outcomes.