Fig. 6: Cell-type-specific responses to insulin resistance and targeted analysis of human kidney single cell sequencing data to identify replicated changes in human DKD.

a and b Bar charts demonstrating the log2 fold-change values for the top 10 selectively regulated a transcripts and b proteins in response to insulin resistance, calculated from transcriptome and proteome data normalised and analysed for each individual cell line separately *FDR < 0.1, **FDR < 0.05, differential expression and significance estimated using limma, with a global benjamini-hochberg correction, n = 5 biological replicates, per cell type, data are presented as mean values ± SEM. c scatter plots demonstrating the genes regulated in response to insulin resistance in a cell-type-specific manner, consistently at the transcript and protein level. d–k single-cell sequencing analysis of target genes in each cell-type cluster (dot plots displaying the percentage of expressing cells and mean expression values) in d–g an American Indian type-2 diabetes cohort with early-DKD (n = 44 early-DKD vs. n = 18 LD) and h–k advanced DKD from KPMP (n = 10 advanced-DKD vs. n = 18 living donor).