Fig. 7: Yield test between NIL-MS71 and NIL-popcorn.

The popcorn Lna1 allele significantly increased maize grain yield, including ear weight, grain weight per ear, and hundred-grain weight, among three sets of NILs in both regularly planted fields (8,000 plants per hectare, a–c) and densely planted fields (16,000 plants per hectare, d–f). h The ear phenotypes of the NILs are shown. g The final estimated yield potential was compared between the NILs in regularly planted (8000 plants ha−1) and high-density planted fields (16,000 plants ha−1). The figure shows the sample size (n) and P values for each group. P values were calculated using (a–f) two-tailed Student’s t tests and (g) one-tailed Student’s t tests; the data are presented as the mean ± SD. Boxplots show the mean (horizontal line), the 25th and 75th percentiles (colored box), and the minimum and maximum percentiles (whiskers). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.