Fig. 4: In vivo penetration and retention of STING@nanomotor after intravesical instillation.

a Schematic illustration for the penetration and retention tests of nanomotors after intravesical instillation by using 3 different ways. b 3D fluorescence images after injecting fluorescence dye labeled STING@nanomotors and STING@nanocomplex in the bladder for 120 min and the corresponding mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) at (c) 30 min and (d) 120 min. e Bladder section after 12 h post-intravesical injection of STING@nanomotors and STING@nanocomplex in mice (scale bar = 100 μm). The fluorescence images and corresponding MFI are representative of 3 independent experiments. f Photograph (left) and IVIS imaging (right) of bladders after 12 h post-intravesical injection of samples and (g) the corresponding total radiant efficiency of bladders. Data are presented as mean values and error bars represent the S.D., and statistical analysis was performed via two-sided t-test (n = 3 mice per group). Source data are provided as a Source Data file. a created in BioRender. Choi, H. (2024) https://BioRender.com/u13b061.