Fig. 5: Proof of concept and optimization strategies of general electrodes for high energy density. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Proof of concept and optimization strategies of general electrodes for high energy density.

From: Breaking the capacity bottleneck of lithium-oxygen batteries through reconceptualizing transport and nucleation kinetics

Fig. 5

a Summary of Li+ ion concentration regulation mechanisms. b The capacity trend at different discharge rates. The color gradient indicates the extent of similarity or difference among phenomena or failure causes. c Scheme of the double-electrode structure. d SEM images of CNT and bre-CNT electrodes. e Galvanostatic discharge curves at 0.1 mA cm−2 and (f) capacity trend of different structures using 0.5 M and 2 M electrolytes. Red represents structure type I, and blue represents type II. Solid lines represent 0.5 M electrolytes, and dotted lines represent 2 M electrolytes. g The capacity trend under amplificative conditions: i) 0.2 mA cm−2 and 0.5 M; ii) 0.1 mA cm−2 and 3 M. h Analysis scheme of the impact of discharge rates on capacity peak. The general optimization strategies for the cases with (i) a good match between nucleation and transport kinetics and (j) slow transport kinetics.

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