Fig. 1: Characterization of OECTs with stripe films.

a Schematic of device configuration and molecular structure of P3HT. I Conventional Ionic Transport: Ions penetrate into the channel manly dominated by vertical pathway. II LI-assisted Ionic Transport: Ion transports through a synergistic effect of the lateral and vertical pathways. b AFM images and (c) corresponding transfer curves (black line) and transconductance (red line) of the patterned P3HT films with stripe width of 100, 50, 30, 10 and 2 μm, respectively. The grey dash line in panel c represents corresponding gate current (IGS). Electrical performance in d ION/IOFF, e VTh, and f Hysteresis width of OECTs based on P3HT stripe films. Error bars represent standard deviations from the mean (n = 5).