Fig. 5: Pseudotime analysis of PDAC and IPMN human tissue spatial transcriptomes.

A Annotated spot population of clusters containing acinar ductal transition that progressed to IPMN. B Pseudotime trajectory of acinar ductal transition to IPMN in (A). C Annotated spot population of clusters containing acinar ductal transition to PDAC. D Pseudotime trajectory of acinar ductal transition to PDAC spots in (C). Scale bar represents pseudotime. E Spot clusters projected on their corresponding histology slices and the pseudotime trajectory values projected into the spatial dimension. Scale bar represents pseudotime. F–G MUC5AC, CLDN4 and TFF1 expression levels with respect to pseudotime in (F) IPMN and (G) PDAC, based on a pseudotime scale where 0 is invasive cancer (red arrow). H Spots with normalized log base 2 expression of MUC5AC, CLDN4, TSPAN8, TFF1, CEACAM5 and ITGB6, based on co-expression levels of S100P in surrounding pancreas (normal tissue), and IPMN and PDAC tissue. ns = not significant. I Spots with identical genes and expression level based on co-expression levels of S100P in naïve PDAC tissue, PDAC tissue from patients treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy (Chemo-RT), and PDAC tissue from patients treated with the chemotherapy Folforinox. J Receiver operating curve (ROC) obtained from mRNA spatial analysis of all PDAC and IPMN samples for surfaceome genes. Statistics were analyzed with one-way ANOVA for each column, * = p < 0.05, ** = P < 0.005, *** = P < 0.0005, **** = p < 0.00005 unless otherwise stated and the whiskers represent standard deviation. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.