Fig. 4: CUL5-knockout (KO) CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells demonstrate intracellular signaling augmentation via phospho-STAT3 (p-STAT3) and p-STAT5.

a, c Representative flow plots of intracellular p-STAT3 (a) and p-STAT5 (c). Truncated epidermal growth factor receptor (tEGFR)-transduced T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 beads, whereas control (Ctrl) and CUL5 KO-CD19 CAR T cells were stimulated with Raji cells in a 1:5 ratio. The data represent five and three independent experiments on different donors, respectively in (a and c). b The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of p-STAT3 at the indicated time after stimulation. (n = 5, different donors) (d) The MFI of p-STAT5 at the indicated time after stimulation. (n = 3, different donors) (e) p-STAT5+ percentage at the indicated time after stimulation with Raji cells in medium without interleukin (IL)-2 supplementation. (n = 3, different donors) Each dot represents data from each donor. Note that the two-way ANOVA with the Šidák multiple comparisons test was used for (b, d, and e). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.