Fig. 2: Current-induced skyrmion bubble motion. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Current-induced skyrmion bubble motion.

From: Topological transformation of synthetic ferromagnetic skyrmions: thermal assisted switching of helicity by spin-orbit torque

Fig. 2

a, b The current-induced motion of skyrmion bubbles captured by MOKE microscope images reveals the distinct helicity numbers. The direction of the current is along the +x axis, and ~1 × 105 repeating current pulses have been injected in total. The pulse is set with a duration of 20 μs and amplitude of 51.7 mA (2.20 × 1011 A/m2). a The pulse interval is 980 μs, while in (b), the pulse interval is 180 μs, corresponding to less Joule heating. Within the MOKE microscope images, the skyrmion bubble is depicted in red and blue triangles for (a, b), respectively. The scale bar is in 5 μm. c, d show the trajectories of the skyrmion bubbles, with colored triangles indicating their center positions throughout the pulse series from (a, b).

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