Fig. 5: Regional energy performance of thermo-responsive (TR) windows with actual TC materials. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Regional energy performance of thermo-responsive (TR) windows with actual TC materials.

From: Global and regional perspectives on optimizing thermo-responsive dynamic windows for energy-efficient buildings

Fig. 5

a–c Regional heatmaps of total site energy saving (\(\Delta {E}_{{{\rm {TR}}}}\)) when necessity level (\(\Delta {E}_{{\rm {n}}}\)) \( > \, 0\) for Vanadium dioxide (VO2) windows with various transition temperatures (\({T}_{{{\rm {tran}}}}\)). d–f Optimal transition temperature (opt \({T}_{{{\rm {tran}}}}\)) and corresponding \(\Delta {E}_{{{\rm {TR}}}}\) for VO2 windows in three representative states in the US. g–i Regional heatmaps of \(\Delta {E}_{{{\rm {TR}}}}\) when \(\Delta {E}_{{\rm {n}}} \, > \, 0\) for hydrogel windows with various \({T}_{{{\rm {tran}}}}\). j–l Opt \({T}_{{{\rm {tran}}}}\) and corresponding \(\Delta {E}_{{{\rm {TR}}}}\) for hydrogel windows in three representative states in the US Regional heatmaps (a–c, g–i) are partial maps of North America, covering latitudes from 24.4°N to 55°N and longitudes from 135°W to 50°W. Coastlines, country, and state boundaries are provided by the Natural Earth dataset (public domain). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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