Fig. 6: Photodynamic periodontitis therapy in vivo.
From: Photocatalytic therapy via photoinduced redox imbalance in biological system
a Schematic illustration of periodontitis modeling and treatment. Created in BioRender. Zhou, K. (2024) https://BioRender.com/t01g986. b Photographs of the injectable TBSMSPy+ hydrogel. c Photographs of steel suture fixing on the second molar during periodontitis modeling and periodontitis treatment by the injectable TBSMSPy+ loaded hydrogels, followed by illumination of a 450 nm laser for 3 min (50 mW•cm−2). d 3D reconstructions of the maxillary molar area by Micro-CT in different groups (n = 6 biologically independent samples, all views show similar results). Red lines mark the distance between CEJ and ABC to reflect the alveolar bone loss. Scale bars 2 mm. PERIO is a medicine for periodontitis treatment, the effective content is minocycline hydrochloride. CEJ: cementoenamel junction, ABC: alveolar bone crest. e H&E staining of papillary connective tissue and alveolar bone around the M2 after different treatments, scale bars = 1 mm and 100 μm for low-magnification and high-magnification images, respectively (n = 6 biologically independent samples, all views show similar results). f Quantitative measurement of CEJ − ABC distance of the M2. g The quantitative analysis of bone-related parameters BV/TV from the Micro-CT images. BV: bone volume TV: tissue volume. Data in (f, g) are presented as mean ± s.d. derived from n = 6 independent biological samples. Statistical significance was assessed via an unpaired two-sided student t-test. NS means not significant, * means P < 0.5, ** means P < 0.01, and *** means P < 0.001.
