Fig. 8: Spatial distribution of TRPA1, CGRP, and newly formed axons in conduits.

a IF staining colocalization of CGRP and TRPA1. b IF colocalization of TUJ1+ neuronal fibers with nociceptor TRPA1. c IF staining of CGRP and TRPA1 in the control group. d Linear regression of the spatial distribution of CGRP and TRPA1 through IF intensity from proximal to distal ends in the control group. e IF staining of CGRP and TRPA1 in CC 4:2. f Linear regression of the spatial distribution of CGRP and TRPA1 IF intensity from proximal to distal ends in CC 4:2. g IF double staining of CGRP and TRPA1 in CC 4:2 treated with VP inhibitor. h Linear regression of the spatial distribution of CGRP and TRPA1 IF intensity from proximal to distal ends in the 4:2 + VP group. i IF staining of CGRP and TRPA1 in TC. j Linear regression of the spatial distribution of CGRP and TRPA1 through IF intensity from proximal to distal ends in TC 4:4. k IF staining of CGRP and TRPA1 in TC 4:4 + VP group. l Linear regression of the spatial distribution of CGRP and TRPA1 through IF intensity from proximal to distal ends in the 4:4 + VP group. m Comparative IF staining of CGRP and TRPA1 in different groups at similar proximal and distal distances. n Quantitative analysis of proximal positive area of CGRP and TRPA1 across different groups (n = 6). o Quantitative analysis of distal positive area of CGRP and TRPA1 across different groups (n = 6). Mean values are shown and error bars represent ± s.d., as analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests in (n, o). The experiments in (c–k) were independently repeated at least three times with similar results.