Fig. 2: scRNA-seq reveals the changes in aged myeloid and T cell subsets.

a UMAP plot of myeloid cell subsets. cDC1 type 1 conventional dendritic cells, cDC2 type 2 conventional dendritic cells, mregDC mature dendritic cells enriched in immunoregulatory molecules, pDC plasmacytoid dendritic cells. b Dot plot showing representative GO terms and KEGG pathways enriched in upregulated DEGs of myeloid cell subsets in the AC/YC comparison. Significance was calculated based on the accumulative hypergeometric distribution by Metascape webtool. c UMAP plot of T cell subsets and Pie charts showing the percentages of the T cell subsets in AC and YC groups. NKT natural killer T cells, γδT gamma delta T cells. d Proportions of lung CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were measured by flow cytometry, gated on CD45+CD3+ cells. Each group contains six mice. Data expressed as % of CD4+ T cells or CD8+ T cells (mean ± SD). CD4+ (P = 1.3E−04), CD8+ (P = 0.04). Significance was determined using unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001. e Dot plot showing representative GO terms and KEGG pathways enriched in upregulated DEGs of T cell subsets in the AC/YC comparison. Significance was calculated based on the accumulative hypergeometric distribution by Metascape webtool. f Heatmap exhibiting the top 10 active transcription factors of AC and YC groups, color key from blue to red indicates expression levels from low to high. g Dot plot showing top 5 regulon specificity score across T cell subsets in AC group. h Heatmap showing the average Il-17a expression levels across T cell subsets between AC and YC groups. i Cell-cell communication was analyzed by cellphoneDB, obtaining the expression level of interaction pairs among cell subtypes between AC and YC groups. Heatmap showing the expression of top three interaction pairs: TNF_TNFRSF1A, TNF_TNFRSF1B and CD47_SIRPG between γδT cells and neutrophils; SPP1_PTGER4, CCL4_CCR5 and CCL4_SLC7A1 between neutrophils and CD8+ T cells. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.