Fig. 1: Morphology modulation of Au NPs.

A Schematic diagram of detailed interconnect structures with thermally evaporated MoOx and solution-processed PEDOT:F, respectively. B Contact angle measurements with water on top of MoOx and PEDOT:F films. C Calculated surface free energies of MoOx and PEDOT:F films based on Wenzel theory. D, E SEM images of 1-nm Au NPs on the MoOx and PEDOT:F. Here, the samples for SEM measurement were based on ITO/D18-Cl/MoOx or PEDOT:F/Au structure. The deposition rate of Au NPs was 0.02 Å/s. F Size distributions of 1-nm Au NPs on MoOx and PEDOT:F, which are extracted from SEM images above. G Schematic illustration of possible mechanism for the distinct diffusion behaviors of Au atoms onto different substrates during the evaporation process.