Fig. 2: Barrier modification in a molecular device.

a The two-terminal device includes an interface region (with M, SOC, and χ) with non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) and an ordinary molecule region (with only χ). b Illustration of the potential profile across the device. The charge trapping sensitively modifies the energy of the impurity state (dark orange) and the molecule state (yellow) but leaves the interface region nearly unchanged because the interface is much more metallic than the molecule region. c, d show the wavefunction distribution of interface (light blue), impurity (red), and molecule (yellow) states due to NHSE at opposite M. The blue dashed curve represents the average of interface wave functions. These states are located in an energy window indicated by the blue shadow along the energy axis in (b, e, f). The impurity occupation probability is evaluated in the red shadow region that is centered at the impurity site. (e) The transmission probability (T) at different chemical potentials for opposite M is calculated for the two-terminal device shown in (a). f shows the corresponding ratio of transmission change.