Fig. 1: A genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen identifies VLDLR as entry receptor for SFV4.

a Schematic presentation of the CRISPR/Cas9 screen experiment. b Results of the MAGeCK analysis. Statistically significant hits indicated with bigger dots. c Schematic illustration of the SFV virion. d Schematic illustration of the used SFV constructs. e Incubating HOS cells with VLDLR-blocking antibody reduces SFV4 infection, but not A774 or SFV4(A774st) (structural A774 proteins) infection. Cell viability of infected (MOI = 0.1) HOS cells pre-incubated with the LDLR class A-specific mAb 1H5, or isotype control, in an attempt to block SFV entry. Cell viability measured with MTT-assay 48 h after infection. Data plotted as mean (n = 3) ± SD. f Titration (PFU/ml) from cell culture medium collected 48 h after infection of K562 cells and K562 cells engineered to express VLDLR (K562-VLDLR) with SFV4, A774 or SFV4(A774st) (MOI = 0.01). Data presented in Log₂ scale for statistical analysis. Data plotted as mean (n = 6, for K562 infected with A774 n = 5) ± SD. g Immunofluorescence staining showing VLDLR expression in K562-VLDLR. Each datapoint in (e, f) represents the result from an independent biological replicate. Statistical analysis is done using One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. Source data and exact P values are provided as a Source Data file. PFU plaque forming units, MOI multiplicity of infection.