Fig. 4: Enhanced mechanisms of the C-SL-G organohydrogels.
a The particle size changes before and after the introduction of SL into the gel were simulated. b TEM images of lignin and conformations of lignin molecules in different solvents. Blue, red, yellow, and white represent C, O, S, and H elements, respectively. c The number of hydrogen bonds of C-G hydrogel, C-G-EG, and C-SL-G organohydrogels. d Zeta potential change of SL introduction into chitosan solution. e Primitive alkali lignin hydroxyl group content and two SL sulfonate group contents. Values in e represent their means ± SDs from n = 3 independent samples. f Compressive and tensile strengths of two SL-based organohydrogels. g–i Low-field NMR spectroscopy. Fully refocused 1H NMR FID (g) of C-G hydrogel, C-G-EG and C-SL-G organohydrogels. Fitting results of the fully refocused 1H NMR FID: T2 (h) and f (i) of the three gels. j–l Intermolecular interaction forces between lignin and chitosan in H2O and EG. The insets are scanned topographic maps of lignin particles under different solvents.
