Fig. 4: K. oxytoca colonization facilitates α-diversity recovery and prevents pathobiont outgrowth. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: K. oxytoca colonization facilitates α-diversity recovery and prevents pathobiont outgrowth.

From: Klebsiella oxytoca facilitates microbiome recovery via antibiotic degradation and restores colonization resistance in a diet-dependent manner

Fig. 4

a Schematic showing the experimental setup. All mice were switched to one of four diets on day 0. Two days later, two groups on each diet began ampicillin treatment while one group per diet was left untreated. On day 5, one ampicillin-treated group was colonized with K. oxytoca while the other ampicillin-treated group received no bacterial inoculation. Fecal samples were collected on the indicated days. b Heatmap depicting fecal microbiota α-diversity represented by the number of observed OTUs from one experiment with n = 3–4 mice/group. P-values represent multiple unpaired t tests with the Holm-Sidak method with *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.005, ****p < 0.0001 comparing the ampicillin-treated groups to the untreated control on each diet. Further details about SE of difference, t ratio, degree of freedom, and adjusted p-values can be found in the Source Data file. c, d Relative abundances of the 12 most abundant families shown as group average for mice treated with ampicillin (c) without and (d) with subsequent K. oxytoca colonization. e–h Longitudinal changes in the relative abundances of families (e, g) Enterococcaceae and (f, h) Staphylococcaceae (e, f) without and (g, h) with K. oxytoca pre-colonization. Colors represent different diets, dots represent individual mice. Panel (a) Created with BioRender.com.

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