Table 1 Comparison of our work with experimental reports on the elements that generate antivortices over the past decades including material system, shape, magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant, lateral size, etc

From: Stable antivortices in multiferroic ε-Fe2O3 with the coalescence of misaligned grains

Material

Shape

Anisotropy constant

Lateral size

Isolated antivortex

Applied magnetic field

Ref.

Permalloy

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0

50–200 nm

NO

NO

[15−18]

Permalloy

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0

<1 μm

YES

YES

[19–28]

2D ε-Fe2O3

2 × 105 J/m3

2–16 μm

YES

NO

This work