Table 2 MESA external validation participant characteristics (exam 5, 2010–2012)

From: Proteomic signature of HIV-associated subclinical left atrial remodeling and incident heart failure

CHARACTERISTIC

Median [IQR] or % (n)

Cross-Sectional LAVi Analysis (n = 1242)

Incident Event Analysis (n = 2273)

Demographics

Age, years

67 [60,74]

67 [61,75]

Female sex at birth

641 (52%)

1182 (52%)

Race and ethnicity

–

–

 Black, non-Hispanic

282 (23%)

550 (24%)

 White, non-Hispanic

546 (44%)

950 (42%)

 Hispanic

230 (18%)

444 (19%)

 Chinese

184 (15%)

329 (15%)

Education level ≥ high school

1105 (89%)

2002 (88%)

Clinical Factors

Smoking status

–

–

 Current

82 (7%)

156 (7%)

 Former

540 (44%)

1016 (45%)

 Never

620 (50%)

1101 (48%)

Pack-years of smoking

0 [0, 11]

0 [0, 12]

Body mass index, kg/m2

27.3 [24.3, 30.7]

27.5 [24.4, 31.3]

Hypertension a

665 (54%)

1251 (55%)

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

119 [108, 135]

119 [109, 136]

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

69 [62,75]

69 [62,75]

Blood pressure-lowering medication use

622 (50%)

1157 (51%)

Dyslipidemia b

911 (73%)

1687 (74%)

Total cholesterol, mg/dL

183 [159, 208]

182 [158, 208]

HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL

53 [44,63]

53 [44,64]

Lipid-lowering medication use

454 (37%)

865 (38%)

Diabetes c

236 (19%)

466 (21%)

Diabetes medication use

15 (13%)

29 (12%)

eGFR, CKD-EPI, mL/min/1.73m2

84 [71,94]

83 [70,94]

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

LV ejection fraction, %

62.7 [58.1, 66.9]

–

LV ejection fraction < 50%

41 (3%)

–

LV mass indexed by BSA, mg/m2

64.2 [56.3, 73.7]

–

LV end-diastolic volume indexed by BSA, mL/m2

65.0 [57.1, 73.2]

–

LA volume indexed by BSA, mL/m2

33.8 [27.2, 41.1]

–

LA volume indexed by BSA ≥ 40 mL/m2

357 (29%)

–

LA volume indexed by BSA ≥ 53 mL/m2

75 (6%)

–

Late gadolinium enhancement d

70 (9%)

–

Extracellular volume fraction, % e

26.8 [24.6, 29.0]

–

  1. a Hypertension is defined as the use of antihypertensive medications or systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg.
  2. b Dyslipidemia is defined as the use of lipid-lowering medications or fasting total cholesterol level ≥ 200 mg/dL or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≥ 130 mg/dL or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level < 40 mg/dL or serum triglyceride level ≥ 150 mg/dL.
  3. c Diabetes is defined as use of hypoglycemic medication or fasting serum glucose levels ≥ 126 mg/dL.
  4. d Measured in a subgroup who received late gadolinium enhancement (n = 762).
  5. e Assessed in a subgroup who received T1 mapping (n = 258).
  6. IQR=interquartile range, reported as [25th, 75th] percentiles; LV = left ventricular; LA = left atrial; BSA = body surface area; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate.
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