Fig. 1: AGGF1 is elevated in the retinas of db/db mice and in the vitreous of patients suffering from PDR.

a Heat maps from proteomic array analysis with ranked enriched genes in 3 db/m retina compared with 3 db/db retina (fold-change >1.2 or <0.83, p  <  0.05). High and low expression are denoted by red and navy, respectively. b, c Western blot analysis and quantification of AGGF1 protein levels in db/m retina and db/db retina (n = 6 mice per group). d Immunohistochemical detection of AGGF1 expression in db/m and db/db mice. Scale bar: 50 μm. e Representative fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and SD-OCT pictures obtained from patients with PDR. n = 3 individuals. Scale bars: 2000 μm (top), 500 μm (centre). f–h Western blot analysis and quantification of AGGF1 and VEGF protein levels in equal volumes of vitreous fluid from patients. n = 3 individuals. i–k Western blot analysis and quantification of AGGF1 and VEGF protein levels in equal volumes of aqueous humour from patients. n = 12 individuals. l, m The ELISA analysis of AGGF1 and VEGF levels in aqueous humour from patients. n = 12 individuals. Error bars represent mean ± SEM. 2-tailed unpaired Student’s t test (a, c, h) and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (k, l, m). GCL ganglion cell layer, INL inner nuclear layer, ONL outer nuclear layer. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.