Fig. 3: Conceptual model illustrating the sources and transport pathways of Hg0 in the Arctic atmosphere.

Sources include present-year anthropogenic emissions, present-year natural emissions (biomass burning and geogenic activity), and Hg0 re-emissions from Hg reservoirs (ocean and land). Present-year anthropogenic and natural emissions are directly transported to the Arctic atmosphere and deposited, contributing to the Hg reservoirs stored in oceanic and terrestrial compartments. Hg from these reservoirs is subsequently re-emitted through the atmosphere through oceanic evasion (from seawater and sea-ice) and terrestrial processes (soil/vegetation re-emissions and river inputs).