Fig. 7: Schematic representation of the comprehensive coupled model framework depicting Hg transport across air–land–ice–sea interfaces. | Nature Communications

Fig. 7: Schematic representation of the comprehensive coupled model framework depicting Hg transport across air–land–ice–sea interfaces.

From: Oceanic evasion fuels Arctic summertime rebound of atmospheric mercury and drives transport to Arctic terrestrial ecosystems

Fig. 7

The atmospheric Goddard Earth Observing System-Chemistry (GEOS-Chem) transport model, driven by Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA2) meteorological data, provides atmospheric Hg0 and HgII deposition to the terrestrial Global Terrestrial Mercury Model (GTMM), which is integrated within GEOS-Chem model. Landsat Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) are obtained from Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS). GTMM further models the re-emission of Hg0 from land, soil, and vegetation. The oceanic model is Massachusetts Institute of Technology General Circulation Model (MITgcm), incorporating ocean state estimates from Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean version 4 (ECCO v4), with an integrated sea-ice module that includes Hg dynamics. GEOS-Chem model provides Hg deposition and Hg0 concentrations to both the ocean and sea-ice modules. The MITgcm outputs Hg0 evasion as an oceanic source to GEOS-Chem model. The sea-ice acts as an intermediary between the atmosphere and ocean, regulating Hg transport associated with thermal variations in sea-ice environments. NJUCPL is a previously-developed coupler58 employed to couple the atmospheric, land, and ocean models, ensuring consistent data exchange across compartments.

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