Fig. 3: Comparisons between Ekman layer depth and depth of the 26 °C isotherm (D26).
From: Crucial role of subsurface ocean variability in tropical cyclone genesis

a, Coloured thick lines are the Ekman layer depths estimated with various empirical formulas (see Methods). Each black dot represents the D26 under a pre-genesis tropical cyclone (TC) case. The black line is the mean D26 of all pre-genesis TCs. b Ratios of the estimated Ekman layer depth to the D26 under pre-genesis TCs. The shaded areas represent the 95% confidence intervals.