Fig. 4: Pellino1 expression is associated with poor CRC prognosis.

a (Left) Immunoblot analysis of Pellino1 protein levels in lysates obtained from colon tissues of WT male mice in normal, acute 1.5% DSS, and AOM/DSS groups. Actin was used as a loading control. (Right) Quantification of Pellino1 protein levels normalized to Actin levels (H₂O, n = 3; DSS, n = 3; AOM/DSS, n = 4). Data are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical comparisons were made using two-tailed Student’s t-test and one-way ANOVA. b, c Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of patients with high or low Pellino1 gene expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-COAD) dataset. b Survival curves of groups divided by COAD overall optimal survival cutoffs and (c) survival curves of the top (high) and bottom (low) 20% groups based on Pellino1 expression. d Pellino1 expression levels at COAD stage. The boxplots indicate minimum and maximum (whiskers), 25th and 75th percentiles (bounds of box), and median (center). e Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of patients with high (top 20%) or low (bottom 20%) Pellino1 gene expression at the indicated COAD stage. Kaplan–Meier survival curves (b, c, e) were analyzed using the two-sided log-rank test for statistical significance. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.