Fig. 2: Microstructures analysis of high-entropy sample A using electron microscopy techniques.

a Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image displaying the surface morphology and grain size distribution. b Corresponding element distribution mapping. c High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) image captured along the [110]c direction, accompanied by the mapping of B-site displacement vector. d-f Enlarged views of representative areas from c, illustrating the positions of the A-site and B-site atomic columns. g The B-site atomic intensities for the selected region. h Statistics of B-site polar displacement vectors.