Fig. 1: Characterization of piezoNPs and US-controlled piezocatalysis.

a Schematic illustration of the synthesis of BTO@Au NPs via piezodeposition process. b TEM images, c EDS mapping, and d HRTEM images and e XRD patterns of BTO@Au NPs. f Electrical signals generated by different nanoparticles subjected to periodic US. g Measurement of piezocatalytic generation of ROS with different samples. (n = 3 independent samples, the data are expressed as mean ± s.d.). h Schematic illustration of ROS production of piezoNPs under US. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.