Fig. 1: Modern surface ocean phosphate and general deep Pacific Ocean circulation patterns (modified from ref. 89).
From: Enhanced phosphorus weathering contributed to Late Miocene cooling
Fe-Mn crust MID03 (red star), ODP/DSDP sites (white circles) and Fe-Mn crust (yellow square) are plotted in this figure. Detailed information about these deposits are provided in Supplementary Table 1. Yellow and red circles with a central point represent the upwelling of Lower Circumpolar Deep Water (LCDW) and Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW), respectively (modified from refs. 90,89). The white arrow shows the flow carrying modified North Pacific Deep Water (NPDW) to mix with UCDW. Arrows indicate wind directions for the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM; light blue) and the prevailing westerlies (dark blue arrow over land for winter; pink arrow over land for summer; thick red arrow over the ocean). The figure was created with Ocean Data View91.
