Fig. 7: Color categories.

a These eight panels illustrate the distributions of the eight categories on the color wheel. They determine the weights of the eight color-category-biased components. Note that two categories, Red and Red 2, share identical distributions but are included for the reason described below. b The SDs of seven color-category-biased components are proportional to the SDs of the categories themselves. However, there is a distinctive red advantage: the component associated with the Red 2 category is much more precise than the proportional relationship predicts. c Conversely, there is a red disadvantage in the unbiased component: reddish colors are much less precise than other colors. Please note that (b, c) use the scale of precision (i.e., 1/SD²), even though the numbers indicate the SDs.