Fig. 2: Characterization and singlet oxygen-generating capacity of MP/aUCP1 nanosystems.

a TEM image and corresponding element mappings of Zn-TCPP nanosheets. b XPS survey scan of TCPP and Zn-TCPP nanosheets. c UV-vis absorption spectra of TCPP and Zn-TCPP nanosheets. d FT-IR spectra of TCPP and Zn-TCPP. e Schematic of PX330 vector with SgRNA inserted and sequencing result of SgRNA targeting UCP1 in CRISPRa-UCP1 plasmid. f Protein expression of UCP1 in mature adipocytes after co-incubation with or without aUCP1. g Agarose gel electrophoresis of MP/aUCP1 at different mass ratios (aUCP1: MP = 4: 1, 2: 1, 1: 1, 1: 0, 1: 2, 1: 3, 1: 4). h Zeta potentials of Zn-TCPP, MP, aUCP1, and MP/aUCP1. Data are given as means ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3 independent samples). i XRD patterns of Zn-TCPP and MP/aUCP1. j, k UV-vis absorbance spectrum of DPBF with addition of MP/aUCP1 (50 µg mL−1) (j) or H2O (k) under US irradiation. l Electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements of US only, MP/aUCP1, and MP/aUCP1 + US. The experiments for a–d, f, g, and i-l were repeated three times independently with similar results. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.