Fig. 2: Vertical transects and longitudinal distribution along the drift.
a Turbulent dissipation rate, b vertical diffusivity, c vertical diffusive nitrate flux, d nitrate flux in the longitudinal direction, e nitrate concentration in the isopycnal coordinate system and, zonal velocity obtained from the acoustic Doppler current profiler mounted on the vessel (SADCP). The thin black and grey contours in (a) are the temperature and salinity, respectively. The thick black contours in (b) and (f) denote potential density anomalies. The thick grey and magenta contours in (c) indicate the nitrate concentration and depth of the nitracline (thick) within ±5 m (thin), respectively. The blue line in (f) indicates the layer Froude number, Frl, accompanied by 90% confidence intervals estimated via the bootstrap method (thin lines). The error bars of the flux in (d) indicate the 95% confidence intervals of the means calculated via the bootstrap method. The numbers in (d) denote the numbers corresponding to the literature numbers in the references. T/ST/E, A, AA, Sh/U, and K indicate the tropical/subtropical/equatorial, Arctic, Antarctic, shelf/upwelling, and Kuroshio regions, respectively (Supplementary Table 3). The dashed lines in (d) indicate that the range has been resummarised from the literature values. The circles (crosses) in (d) are the average (median) values with standard deviations (minima and maxima of the literature values). For literature number 24, the circle and bar indicate the mean and 90% confidence interval, respectively. The simple bars without markings in (d) indicate the range from minimum to maximum. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
