Fig. 3: Comparison of number of proteins significantly associated with BMI and risk of incident IHD and their effect sizes between Olink and SomaScan platforms.

Analyses were conducted for 1694 matched proteins among 3976 participants, including 1951 IHD cases and 2025 subcohort participants. a Associations between protein levels and BMI, with coloured dots indicating significant associations. b Comparison of effect sizes (beta coefficients) for associations with BMI, with darker dots indicating significant associations and error bars indicating 95% confidence intervals. c Observational correlations between Olink and SomaScan, with shaded areas indicating shared associations for BMI. d Associations between protein levels and IHD. e Comparison of effect sizes (beta coefficients) for associations with IHD, with darker dots indicating significant associations and error bars indicating 95% confidence intervals. f Observational correlations between Olink and SomaScan, with shaded areas indicating shared associations for IHD. Linear regression was used to test associations between protein levels and BMI, adjusted for age, age2, sex, ambient temperature (at sample collection) and its square, time since last meal and its square, plate ID, and case-subcohort ascertainment. Cox regression was used to test associations between protein levels and IHD, stratified by sex and region and adjusted for age, age², fasting time and its square, ambient temperature and its square, plate ID, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, systolic blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, ApoB/ApoA, and BMI. P values were corrected for multiple testing with a false discovery rate = 0.05 (two-sided) within each platform to define significant associations. BMI body mass index, IHD ischaemic heart disease.