Fig. 5: Bulk phase structure stability characterization.
From: Tuning Li occupancy and local structures for advanced Co-free Ni-rich positive electrodes
a The enlarged Fig.4b, i.e. dQ/dV profile of HD-LNMO positive electrodes, highlighting the changes in the peak intensity at 4.25 V. b The full comparison of the dQ/dV curves between 108 and 120. A clear difference is displayed in the marked area at lower voltage ranges. 2D contour pattern of the in situ SXRD data of (c) 108, (d) 120, and (e) 114 positive electrodes. The in situ cells (with an active material mass loading of around 4 mg cm−2) are measured at room temperature (25 °C) and 21 mA g−1 in the voltage range of 2.0–4.4 V. The corresponding SXRD patterns are displayed on the right side (λ = 0.4139 Å). The location of the 003 reflections in the pristine state and SoC 81% are labeled. f c-lattice parameter and lattice volume changes of HD-LNMO-108, 120, and 114 positive electrodes during charge.
