Fig. 2: Characterizations of mixed Sn-Pb perovskite films.

a, b XRD patterns of K2SnO3-treated FA0.7MA0.3Pb0.5Sn0.5I3 perovskite films, and (b) the ratio statistical spectra of diffraction peak intensity to the relative crystal plane. c, d Pole figures of (c) control and (d) target Sn-Pb perovskite films at 2θ = 14°. e SEM images of (e1) the top and (e2) bottom surfaces of the control and target Sn-Pb perovskite films. The scale bar is 600 nm. f Cross-sectional SEM images of Sn-Pb perovskite films without and with K2SnO3 treatment. The scale bar is 250 nm.