Table 1 Overview of exploratory measures of study 1

Apprehensive threat

Six Likert-scale questions (e.g., participants rated their agreement with statements about feeling threatened by climate change misinformation, on a scale of 1–7)

3.92

1.73

Fear

Mean index of three Likert scale questions (e.g., participants rated how fearful they felt about climate change misinformation, on a scale of 1–7)

3.96

1.92

Issue involvement

Index score from questions asking participants to choose the option that best describes how important climate change is to them, converted to a 1–7 scale

6.27

1.76

Issue accessibility

Single Likert scale item asking how often participants think about climate change, on a scale from 1–7

3.95

1.60

Issue talk

Index of three questions, including Likert scale items on how often participants discussed climate change, and a choice list question about frequency of such discussions

2.23

1.23