Fig. 2: Formation of homogeneous structural perovskite films with PZ additive. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Formation of homogeneous structural perovskite films with PZ additive.

From: Scalable preparation of perovskite films with homogeneous structure via immobilizing strategy for high-performance solar modules

Fig. 2

a Schematic diagram for the large-scale fabrication process of perovskite films. b PL mapping images of pervoskite films. Scalebars, 4 µm. c Cross-sectional SEM images of pervoskite films. Scalebars, 1 µm. d Schematic representation of the 10 cm × 10 cm perovskite films divided into 25 zones. e Statistic box plots of the corresponding PCE parameters. Error bars are the standard deviation of PCE over 25 devices. The lines in the middle of the box plots indicate the median values. f PL spectra of selected regions from the 10 cm × 10 cm perovskite film. g Current density–voltage (J-V) and corresponding P-V curves of the 10 cm × 10 cm IPSM with PZ (aperture area: 56.5 cm2).

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